1 Samuel 12:4

Authorized King James Version

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And they said, Thou hast not defrauded us, nor oppressed us, neither hast thou taken ought of any man's hand.

Original Language Analysis

וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ And they said H559
וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ And they said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 1 of 10
to say (used with great latitude)
לֹ֥א H3808
לֹ֥א
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 2 of 10
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
עֲשַׁקְתָּ֖נוּ Thou hast not defrauded H6231
עֲשַׁקְתָּ֖נוּ Thou hast not defrauded
Strong's: H6231
Word #: 3 of 10
to press upon, i.e., oppress, defraud, violate, overflow
וְלֹ֣א H3808
וְלֹ֣א
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 4 of 10
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
רַצּוֹתָ֑נוּ us nor oppressed H7533
רַצּוֹתָ֑נוּ us nor oppressed
Strong's: H7533
Word #: 5 of 10
to crack in pieces, literally or figuratively
וְלֹֽא H3808
וְלֹֽא
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 6 of 10
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
לָקַ֥חְתָּ us neither hast thou taken H3947
לָקַ֥חְתָּ us neither hast thou taken
Strong's: H3947
Word #: 7 of 10
to take (in the widest variety of applications)
מִיַּד hand H3027
מִיַּד hand
Strong's: H3027
Word #: 8 of 10
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v
אִ֖ישׁ of any man's H376
אִ֖ישׁ of any man's
Strong's: H376
Word #: 9 of 10
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
מְאֽוּמָה׃ ought H3972
מְאֽוּמָה׃ ought
Strong's: H3972
Word #: 10 of 10
properly, a speck or point, i.e., (by implication) something; with negative, nothing

Analysis & Commentary

And they said, Thou hast not defrauded us, nor oppressed us, neither hast thou taken ought of any man's hand.

Israel's unanimous testimony - 'Thou hast not defrauded us, nor oppressed us' - provides complete vindication of Samuel's ministry. Their affirmation extends even to rejecting any claim that Samuel took anything 'of any man's hand,' eliminating even the appearance of impropriety. This public exoneration serves multiple purposes: it validates prophetic ministry, establishes standards for the monarchy, and positions Samuel to speak with unquestioned moral authority in the rebuke to follow.

Historical Context

Public vindication of departing leaders was important in ancient societies where reputation affected family honor for generations. Samuel's unblemished record contrasted sharply with common experiences of judicial corruption across the ancient Near East.

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